As stated in the module, โPCMHs and IPUs grew from different gardens but ultimately seem to have converged on the same underlying principles. While PCMHs provide longitudinal care over a patientโs lifetime and generally regardless of his/her condition, IPUs tend to concentrate on conditions for which the care cycle is well-defined. IPUs treat patients with specific circumstances or conditions, including specialty care. IPUs are generally co-located, multidisciplinary teams of clinical and nonclinical providers (e.g., case managers, social workers, activity coaches) who treat circumstances or conditions over a full care cycle. Whereas PCMHs are for generalized care of all patients, IPUs develop solutions for patients who share a condition or set of circumstances (e.g., MSK pain, frailty, or breast cancer).โ It is possible to think about settings where PCMHs and IPUs could work together (for example, a patient is cared for at a PCMH but when he develops knee pain is referred to an MSK IPU which communicates with his PCMH and the patient returns to the care of PCMH following full management of his knee pain. Another example could be a patient in a PCMH who is diagnosed with cancer and then is referred to a cancer-based IPU for primary oncology care and management.)